Mass timber is changing the way we build. This material makes it possible to construct taller buildings while reducing carbon footprints. But like any construction method, it must follow strict building codes to ensure safety and compliance.
In recent years, mass timber has gained popularity for its fire resistance, and design flexibility. To keep up with this growth, the International Building Code (IBC) has introduced new rules that allow taller mass timber buildings while maintaining safety standards.
The latest updates in the 2021 and 2024 IBC make it easier to use mass timber in multi-story buildings. With new construction types and changes in fire safety requirements, builders have more options than ever before. However, understanding these codes is key to staying compliant and avoiding costly mistakes.
In this guide, we’ll break down the latest mass timber building codes, explain what’s changed, and show you how to stay up to date with current regulations. Whether you’re a contractor, architect, or developer, knowing these codes will help you build smarter and safer.
Understanding Mass Timber Building Codes
Mass timber is gaining ground as a strong, sustainable choice for construction. To make sure these buildings meet safety standards, the IBC outlines specific rules for how they can be built. The 2021 and 2024 IBC introduce three types of mass timber construction: Type IV-A, IV-B, and IV-C.
Mass Timber Construction Types
- Type IV-A – Allows mass timber buildings up to 18 stories but requires all wood to be covered with fire-resistant materials.
- Type IV-B – Allows buildings up to 12 stories with some exposed wood.
- Type IV-C – Allows buildings up to 9 stories with more exposed timber but stricter fire safety measures.
Key Differences Between the 2021 and 2024 IBC
One major update in the 2024 IBC is the change to Type IV-B construction. In 2021, only 20% of ceilings and beams could be left exposed. The 2024 IBC increases that to 100%, giving you more design flexibility while maintaining fire safety.
Understanding these updates is key when planning a mass timber project. Following the right code ensures compliance, safety, and efficiency in your build.
Adoption of Mass Timber Codes Across the U.S.
Mass timber is becoming more common, and many states have adopted building codes that allow taller mass timber structures. The 2021 and 2024 IBC set the standards, but adoption varies by location.
States That Have Adopted Tall Mass Timber Provisions
Many states now follow the 2021 IBC, including Texas, California, Georgia, Virginia, and Ohio, among others. Others, like Illinois, Mississippi, Oregon, and Washington, have already adopted the 2024 IBC. This includes updated mass timber allowances.
Local Amendments and Modifications
Even if a state adopts the IBC, local jurisdictions can modify or amend the rules. Some cities allow buildings before statewide adoption, while others add extra safety requirements. Because of this, the same building design may follow different rules in different locations.
Why Checking Local Codes Matters
Before starting a project, it’s crucial to check with local building officials. This ensures your design meets all safety and fire protection requirements. Staying informed helps avoid delays, extra costs, and compliance issues as mass timber continues to grow in popularity.
Design Implications & Compliance Considerations
The latest building codes offer flexibility but come with safety and compliance considerations. Understanding these updates ensures projects meet requirements while maximizing the benefits of timber.
How New Code Provisions Affect Project Planning
With the 2021 and 2024 IBC, mass timber can now be used in taller buildings. This means more opportunities for sustainable construction. Also, stricter rules on fire protection, structural integrity, and material choices. The increased allowance for exposed timber in Type IV-B construction (100% ceiling exposure in 2024 IBC) gives more design freedom. However, it requires careful planning to meet fire resistance standards.
Fire Resistance, Structural Integrity & Safety
Mass timber performs well under fire conditions due to charring, which forms a protective layer that slows down burning. However, updated codes require additional fire-resistant coatings in certain cases. Engineers and contractors must also consider load-bearing strength, connection details, and seismic performance.
Benefits of Using Mass Timber Under the Updated IBC
- Sustainability – Mass timber reduces carbon footprints compared to steel and concrete.
- Faster Construction – Prefabricated timber components speed up build times.
- Design Flexibility – The 2024 IBC allows for more exposed wood, creating a natural aesthetic.
Following the latest IBC regulations, we take full advantage of mass timber while ensuring safety and compliance.
Resources & Expert Guidance
Staying up to date with mass timber building codes is key to keeping projects compliant and running smoothly. With evolving regulations, finding information and guidance saves time, money, and potential setbacks.
Where to Find the Latest Building Code Updates
For the most current IBC provisions, visit the International Code Council (ICC) website. The WoodWorks organization also provides resources, technical papers, and insights on mass timber design and construction. These sources help ensure your project follows the latest industry standards.
Getting Assistance for Mass Timber Projects
Architects, engineers, and contractors can access project support from WoodWorks Regional Directors. These experts offer guidance on design, fire safety, and code compliance. Plus, the American Wood Council (AWC) and local building departments clarify state and city-specific requirements.
Consult Experts for Compliance & Best Practices
Before breaking ground, consulting with industry specialists helps navigate complex codes. This avoids costly mistakes and ensures the best design outcomes. Whether it’s understanding fire resistance standards or maximizing sustainability, expert guidance is a valuable resource for a successful build.
Navigating Mass Timber Codes
Mass timber is transforming the construction industry. It offers a sustainable, efficient, and visually striking alternative to traditional materials. Understanding building codes is essential for ensuring compliance, safety, and structural integrity.
With the 2021 and 2024 IBC updates, mass timber can now be used in taller buildings, providing more design flexibility. However, local jurisdictions may modify these codes. Checking with authorities before starting a project is crucial. Updated fire resistance and structural requirements also play a role in planning and materials.
As more states adopt mass timber, the industry is moving toward greener, more innovative solutions. If you’re planning a project, having expert guidance streamlines compliance and maximizes efficiency.
Need expert insight on your next project? Contact Binkley Construction today for professional support in mass timber design and construction.
